One, to the viewer's right, flies a white flag, with a tree, and the mottos "Liberty Tree," and "An appeal to God. Some writers have thought that the rattlesnake flag in these prints represents the "strip'd jack" Hopkins refers to in his "Signals for the American Fleet. First, the flags in these prints are not at the bow, where a jack would go, but at the stern, the proper place for the national ensign. Second, no one suggests that the pine tree flag was the Continental Navy jack, even though that flag appears in the same print.
One could logically conclude that the engraver was illustrating various American naval flags, including one from New England and one from the South, for the pine tree flag with the motto "An Appeal to God," or, more usually, "An Appeal to Heaven," was used by Massachusetts' state navy vessels and Massachusetts privateers, as well as by the schooners sailing out of Massachusetts ports under George Washington's authority as commander in chief of the Continental Army; and the flag of the navy of the State of South Carolina consisted of horizontal stripes with a rattlesnake across them.
Most secondary accounts state that the stripes of South Carolina naval flag were red and blue. Several prints based on Hart's were produced in continental Europe during the American Revolution. One, a French print, includes the pine tree flag and the rattlesnake flag, the latter without stripes, draped over military accoutrements.
The historical evidence makes it impossible to say for certain whether the Continental Navy used the striped rattlesnake flag as its jack. At the same time, the evidence does suggest strong connections between the symbol of the rattlesnake with the motto "Don't Tread on Me" and the United States' earliest naval traditions.
Joseph Reed to Col. Sir Hugh Palliser to Lord Sandwich, 6 January , referring to the flag of the captured brig Washington , of George Washington's fleet: "Captain Medows has brought the American vessel's colours, it is a white field with a green pine tree in the middle: the motto, Appeal to Heaven. The Pine Tree and Rattlesnake in Combination Journal of John Greenwood, midshipman in American privateer Cumberland , captured by HMS Pomona , 26 January The Cumberland 's colors were "a very large white flag, with a green pine tree painted in the middle of it, beneath which was represented a large black snake in thirteen coils and cut into as many pieces, emblematic of the thirteen United States; under the snake, in black letters, was the motto-"Join or Die.
New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, , p. For example, the vessels of war of the state of Massachusetts Bay have sometimes a pine tree; and those of the state of South Carolina a rattlesnake in the middle of thirteen stripes. Merchant ships have often only thirteen stripes, but the flag of the United States ordained by Congress is the thirteen stripes and the thirteen stars above described.
Gadsden presented to the Congress an elegant standard, such as is to be used by the commander in chief of the American navy; being a yellow field, with a lively representation of a rattle-snake in the middle, in the attitude of going to strike, and these words underneath, "DON'T TREAD ON ME! Dixon and Hunter's Virginia Gazette , Williamsburg, Virginia, 11 May "The colours of the American Fleet to have a snake with thirteen rattles, the fourteenth budding, described in the attitude of going to strike, with this motto, "Don't Tread on Me!
John Jay to Alexander McDougall, 23 March "As to continental Colors, the Congress have made no order as yet respecting them, and I believe the Captains of their armed Vessels have in that particular been directed by their own fancies and Inclinations.
I remember to have seen a flag designed for one of them on which was extremely well painted a Rattle Snake rearing his Crest and shaking his Rattles, with this Motto " Dont tread on me ". But whether this Device was generally adopted by the fleet, I am not able to say.
I rather think it was not. Masthead, with the strip'd Jack and Ensign at their proper places. Notation in Esek Hopkins's handwriting on letter to Hopkins from Christopher Gadsden, 15 January "Som one of the Fleet if to gather or the Small Sloop if a Lone will higst a striped flagg half up the flying Stay.
The signal instructions do not describe the Continental jack. The number of stars on the jack was periodically updated as the United States expanded. The date for reintroduction of the union jack commemorates the greatest naval battle in history: the Battle of Midway, which began 4 June We must recommit to the core attributes that made us successful at Midway: integrity, accountability, initiative, and toughness.
The naval ensigns of many European countries and former British colonies feature white as their primary color. Jacks are flown from the jackstaff how original on the bow front of the ship. They are mostly used for special occasions while ships are anchored in a harbor. Many of the first jacks used by European nations are square. As with ensigns, the English via the United Kingdom are trend setters with their jack design.
Their jack design which became their national flag design, often referred to as the Union Flag when used as a national flag was copied by many nations, especially in the Baltic Sea region. IMSFs are probably what you think of first when you think about maritime flags. They are the colorful, small, mostly-square flags that adorn your favorite nautical-themed bar. Instead of explaining all of their meanings, I will direct you to this very helpful wikipedia article. Rank flags denote the rank of the commanding officer who is headquartered on that ship known as their flagship.
Rank flags are often reserved for Rear Admirals and above, but there are some exceptions. While there is no design standard for rank flags, the rank is often determined by the number of stars or dots on the flag. Various theories exist, but the bulk of the evidence indicates use of the word in its diminutive sense.
During the eighteenth century, the short mast on the bowsprit disappeared, to be replaced by staysails on the stays between bowsprit and foremast. It is sometimes claimed that the Union Flag should be described as the Union Jack only when flown in the bows of a warship, but this is a relatively recent idea.
From its earliest days, the Admiralty often referred to the flag — however it was used — as the Union Jack. In an Admiralty Circular announced that either name could be used officially. Union Jack or Union Flag?
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