There are multiple other products that can be recommended to treat the symptoms of cold and flu, including analgesia such as paracetamol or ibuprofen.
There is limited evidence supporting the use of cough syrups for the relief of acute cough. After a treatment decision has been made, confirm the person understands any recommended medicine regimen, e. In general, people should be advised to return to the pharmacy if their symptoms have not resolved in an agreed timeframe or to consult their general practitioner, particularly if their symptoms worsen. Expert reviewers do not write the articles and are not responsible for the final content.
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Made with by the bpac nz team. Prescribing Reports. CME Quizzes. Peer Group Discussions. My Bpac account. Search Mybpac - Login. Latest Articles View Articles. Prescribing Reports View reports. When Codeine is prescribed to treat pain, it works by changing the way the brain and nervous system respond to pain.
It tells your brain that you are not in pain, whereas a medication such as ibuprofen goes to the site of injury and reduces pain by reducing inflammation.
When Codeine is used to treat cough, it works by decreasing the activity in the part of the brain that causes coughing. If you have asthma or have ever had slowed breathing, it is advised that you not take Codeine. Also, if you have or have ever had any lung disease such as COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , or a head injury or any condition that increases the amount of pressure on the brain, the risk for developing breathing problems is significantly higher.
In the United States, drugs with codeine in them are available only by prescription because codeine is a controlled substance and very addictive. The regulations in the United States have gotten strict on medication that contains Codeine, due to the increase in addiction. However, in the United Kingdom and some other parts of Europe, Codeine can be purchased in low doses over the counter from a pharmacy.
High doses of promethazine-codeine cough syrup can produce euphoria similar to that produced by other opioid drugs. Also, both codeine and promethazine depress activities in the central nervous system brain and spinal cord , which produces calming effects. Extra amounts of dopamine increase the feeling of pleasure and at the same time cause important messages to get lost, causing a range of effects from lack of motivation to serious health problems.
Repeatedly seeking to experience that feeling can lead to addiction. What are cough and cold medicines? Also known as: Robotripping, Robo, Tussin, Triple C, Dex, Skittles, Candy, Velvet, and Drank Millions of Americans take cough and cold medicines each year to help with symptoms of colds, and when taken as instructed, these medicines can be safe and effective. Keywords: antitussive agents; codeine; dextromethorphan; drug abuse; opioids.
Abstract Objective: Over-the-counter OTC anti-cough preparations, many of which contain codeine an opioid or dextromethorphan an opioid-like , are widely available in Taiwan and thus susceptible to overuse or abuse.
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